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Safety fencings
are designed to contain vehicles in the carriageway in which they are traveling
and prevent them from rebounding into the road and causing hazards.
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For normal
fencing design, when vehicles crash into safety fencings, it will give way so
as to absorb as much energy as possible, thus reducing the impact forces on the vehicles. Moreover, it
serves to realign the vehicles along the carriageway when vehicles hit on them.
However, concrete profile barriers are not designed to absorb energy
during vehicle crashing, but to hold the vehicles hitting on them. In this
connection, concrete profile barriers are designed with curved profiles so that
vehicles can mount and go up partly on them, and yet they will not cause
overturning of vehicles. Reference is made to Arthur Wignall, Peter S. Kendrick
and Roy Ancil.
For
shallow-angle crashing of cars, they would climb on the lower slope face of
concrete profile barriers. On the other
hand, when a car hits at a large angle to the barrier, the bumper collides with
the upper sloping face of concrete profile barrier and the car rides upwards.
This provides the uplift of the car whose wheels move up the lower sloping face
of the barrier. It is not intended to lift the car too high, otherwise it may
result in rolling. Since the friction
between the wheels
and barriers provide
extra lifting forces,
it is undesirable to design rough
finish on these faces.
In essence, the kinetic energy of the car during
collision is transformed to potential energy during its lifting up on profile
barrier and finally converted back to kinetic energy when the car returns to
the road.
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