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Vincent Chu answers......
In concrete pavement, why is the requirement of 95% by mass of quartz grains  specified in contract?
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Vincent T. H. Chu is renowned internationally Photograph of vincent chuas walking encyclopedia of civil engineering. Author of a number of widely acclaimed civil engineering books, Mr Chu is recipient of various reputed awards including Young Engineer of the Year Award 2008 (Merit) by the Hong Kong Institution of Engineers &  Ombudsman’s Award 2007 (under complaint-related category). He is also listed in 11th Edition of Marquis Who's Who in Science and Engineering. ConcreteBasics.org thanks him for his exemplary contribution to the cause of civil engineers around the world.
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Some General Specifications for Civil Engineering Works state “Fine  aggregate for concrete shall be natural river-deposited sand consisting of at least 95% by mass of quartz grains”. The aim of such specification is to control the quality of river sand.
As quartz is a durable and hard material, using a high percentage of quartz in aggregates of concrete can enhance the strength and  durability  of the surface texture of concrete carriageway.

In  addition,  such  specification  requires  a  high  percentage  of  quartz content,  thereby reducing the probability of presence of impurities like shell.


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Reference: 200 Questions and Answers on Practical Civil Engineering Works by Vincent Chu
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