The
hydration
of cement is an exothermic reaction. Heat is generated
very quickly,
causing the concrete temperature to rise and accelerating the setting
time and
strength gain of the concrete.
For
most concrete installations, the heat generation is not detrimental to
its
long-term strength and durability. However, many applications exist
where the
rapid heat gain of cement increases the chances of thermal cracking,
leading to
reduced concrete strength and durability. In these applications, replacing large
percentages of cement with fly ash (fly ash generates only 15 to 35
percent as
much heat as compared to cement at early ages) can reduce the damaging
effects
of thermal cracking.Warm
weather concreting and the risk of
thermal cracking is a problem that exists today for all concrete. Warm
weather
will naturally raise the temperature of concrete aggregates, which make
up the
majority of the mass in concrete. This natural heating of the
aggregates,
coupled with solar heating at the construction site, can cause even
thin
concrete slabs to suffer the damaging effects of thermal cracking,
along with
finishing difficulties caused by rapid uncontrolled setting. Replacing 20% to
35% of the cement for “everyday” concrete in warm
conditions will help reduce
thermal cracking and provide the time needed to obtain the desired
finish.